فصلنامه رهیافت انقلاب اسلامی
پیاپی 56 (پاییز 1400)

Population growth and the uncontrolled increase of migration to cities, especially large cities, have caused many problems and issues facing the city and urban management, especially in developing countries. Pakdasht city, due to its proximity to the city of Tehran and the formation of suburbs, has poor neighborhoods that have caused consequences and social, cultural, economic and political damage in this region. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between empowerment in marginalized areas and increasing social participation in Pakdasht. The research is descriptive in terms of analysis and survey method. The statistical population of the study was all residents of Pakdasht city (Ustad Shahriyar neighborhood) from which 379 people were selected as the sample size using Cochran's table. The instrument used in this research was a researcher-made questionnaire and all steps of data analysis and explanation were performed using SPSS statistical software. The results showed that there is a positive relationship between empowerment and social participation and have many positive effects on marginalized areas.

Approaches to appointing political agents are determined primarily by the political ideologies of each society, its laws and legal rules. Therefore, accepting the people's vote, not accepting it or a combination of these two methods and considering the conditions and criteria for the compatibility of the values ​​of society and political agents is the main concern of political systems. The present study seeks to examine the perspective of the Constitutional Law of the Islamic Republic of Iran on the appointment of political agents. The research question is that the obvious difference between the legal system of J.A. What is Iran about appointing political agents? The answer that can be provided is that political agents in the Islamic Republic of Iran are elected through elections and their direct and indirect votes or through the guardianship, which shows the Islamic political system's attention to the principles of expertise, people's vote and enjoyment. Brokers of Islamic values ​​and divine attributes. Being characterized by religion and religious values, good qualities and also not entrusting the administration of the Islamic society to inappropriate agents requires the intervention of the Supreme Leader based on the principle of expediency and through a government decree. The present research has dealt with this issue through descriptive-analytical method and using documentary and library resources.

Moral damage in various legal systems, despite the many accepted challenges of Iranian law, is no exception to this rule. The importance of this type of damage is due to its social effects through its effect on the human psyche. Violation of an obligation, or the occurrence of a crime, has such a profound effect on the social life of individuals. The result can be seen in relationships and interactions with others or other social interactions. Since maintaining the dignity of human beings and fulfilling the covenant, is one of the religious teachings. Attention to compensation for this type of damage results from its foundations. The study of jurisprudential and legal sources indicates that compensation for moral damage, regardless of its origin, has rich foundations in terms of law and jurisprudence. But in practice and in the position of care, it has little attention and is a serious challenge. First, the Iranian courts do not welcome this type of damage, and the rulings are very limited. However, the same opinions have been issued after the Islamic Revolution. Secondly, after accepting this type of damage in the judiciary, it will also have problems in the position of compensation and evaluation. In this article, while stating the legal and jurisprudential principles and social consequences of moral damages, a solution is presented for both challenges.

In this article, an attempt is made to portray the profile of education in sustainable development according to socio-cultural trends, drivers and boys. The main question of the research is what is the approach of the educational institution in the Islamic Republic of Iran to the concept of sustainable development and in practice what are the drivers and boys in this field? The research hypothesis is that education in sustainable development should always be applied in harmony with the national and local values of the target community. In this article, two methods have been used: in the first part, with the help of a qualitative method of descriptive-analytical type, while explaining education in sustainable development, the philosophy and intellectual foundations of education in Iran have been studied, and in the second part It has been done by metaanalysis and classification method. The results show that despite the achievement of the Islamic Republic of Iran to its model of indigenous and Islamic education, the components of the education institution in the perspective of sustainable development at the levels of education from primary to higher education are in a favorable position, while preeducation Primary schools are still far from the desired limit.

Gender discrimination is one of the challenges of family law that despite the development of internal and external regulations, we have failed to resolve and justify non-discrimination in gender in Islamic law. In Islamic jurisprudence, citizenship rights and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. Finally, we will explain the differences between Islamic jurisprudence and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. Through our studies, we found that the nature of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination is to establish complete similarities between men and women, regardless of their gender and different from Islamic jurisprudence. Findings in this article show that in Islamic jurisprudence, the position of the family and its high status have been given more attention according to the principles of justice, wisdom, nature and expediency. Although these two important issues are similar in many cases, but the need to resolve the differences between the relevant convention of Islamic jurisprudence in family law is to change the principles and attitudes of the two, which does not seem to be achievable.

The purpose of this article is to examine the job security of workers from a legal and social perspective in the light of the achievements of the Islamic Revolution with emphasis on labor law. The main question of the research is what is the position of job security from a legal and social perspective and what are the achievements of the Islamic Revolution in this field? The main hypothesis of the article is that in organizational life, job security is one of the issues that occupy the employees of organizations and part of the psychological and intellectual energy of the organization is spent on this issue. If the employees achieve a desirable level of comfort in this regard, they will give their mental and physical strength and energy to the organization and the organization will suffer less from human tensions. When it comes to job security, the issue of formalization becomes official. And the guarantee of salaries and benefits comes to mind when in today's world job security does not depend on formalization and lifelong employment, but the empowerment of employees based on job security that was analyzed after the revolution in the statements of the Supreme Leader. Therefore, the dignity of the working community in our country, in addition to being a worker in farms, factories, mines and anywhere that is engaged in productive work and moves the cycles of progress and development of the country, as a mujahid in preserving Islam and the system. Islam must be respected. The method used in the present study is a descriptive-analytical method.

Examining election-related expenses is always related to the lives and choices of citizens. The various dimensions of elections, including propaganda, voting, propaganda, and participation in election arenas, always encourage people to participate in political affairs. Therefore, examining the various dimensions of parliamentary elections, including the costs associated with participating in and participating in elections, can be significant. With regard to this issue, in this study, the hidden structure of the parliamentary election pattern was examined and the three components of participation in elections, posting candidates 'posters, spending for a candidate's success) were examined to determine the relationship between these factors and citizens' participation in elections. Be. This research is based on a survey approach to explain the sociology of election campaign expenses of the 11th term of the Islamic Consultative Assembly in the Iranian electoral system. The statistical population is also citizens living in Tehran, of which 500 people were selected as the study population. The method used in this article is confirmatory factor analysis, which is a way to measure and measure the hidden variables of the parliamentary election pattern.

This study, by examining the geo-economic capacities of Makran beaches, explains the political obstacles to the realization of geo-economic capacities. Using the theory of combined geopolitical isolation, this study states that the current economic and political situation in Iran and underdevelopment are the result of tensions between Iran and the international community, reduction or severance of international relations and consequently reduced economic interactions with other elements of the global system and some elements in particular. International sanctions have put pressure on some elements of the global system to reduce the level of interaction with Iran. The main question that is the basis of this research is that despite the abundant geoeconomic and geopolitical capacities of Makran beaches for development, what are the most important political obstacles to the realization of these capacities in these beaches and this area? Findings show that these political barriers are: sanctions, lack of investment, lack of national income due to government dependence on oil, unbalanced development and peripheral center gap, supra-regional powers, and instability. Research Method Due to the nature of the subject, the research is done descriptively-analytically using library resources, the Internet

One of the main priorities and requirements in the vision of the Islamic Republic is to design an appropriate educational system to train specialized human resources and revive the spirit of skills acquisition and promotion among higher education graduates. This serious responsibility, which has been delegated to university and higher education institutions, has always been the focus of the leadership. For this reason, the purpose of this article is to assess the needs of higher education graduates' skills in leadership ideas. The main question of the research is, what are the skills of higher education graduates and how can these skills be explained in leadership ideas? The main hypothesis of the article is that paying attention to the skills of higher education graduates is a key element in society. The evolution of any society is one of the indicators for evaluating and measuring the progress of that society, and the graduates are among the people involved in this matter. The Leader of the Revolution has also raised the need to pay attention to the graduates and assess their skills in order to change and progress in society. In terms of leadership, the most important priorities of higher education graduates are entrepreneurial skills, continuing education, creativity and innovation, and critical thinking training, so these skills should be considered in policy making.

The purpose of this article is to examine the application of governance principles in overcoming the challenges of fighting corruption in Iran. Illegal use of government or public position, facilities and resources to gain benefits for oneself or another, directly or indirectly, is called corruption. Fighting corruption is one of the governing policy priorities in Iran. In the framework of the fifth and sixth development plans of the country, and especially in the eleventh and twelfth governments, by using more information technology, implementing e-government and expanding the bandwidth of Internet access in the country, the government tried to increase transparency and accountability. Reduce corruption in the bureaucracy. Nevertheless, fundamental challenges to the fight against corruption remain. Accordingly, the main question of this study is, what are the challenges of fighting corruption in Iran and can the theory of good governance be used as a model to overcome the challenges of corruption? The main hypothesis of the article is that the challenges of fighting corruption in Iran can be identified in four areas: legislative, executive and judicial, and in this regard, by applying the principles of good governance as an effective model can be promoted and improved. Components such as accountability, transparency, rule of law, participation,accountability,etc.achieved the health of the administrative system as much as possible and enriched the ties between the government and the nation.

The present article intends to examine the position of the rights of religious minorities in the issue of self-determination in Iranian law and international documents. This research tries to answer the basic question of how the rights of religious minorities in the Iranian legal regime are explained by a descriptive and analytical approach and by the method of collecting documentary and library data. And to what extent do these rights represent the realization of the principle of self-determination? This research is based on the hypothesis that accepting and trying to realize the principle of self-determination, regarding minorities in general and religious minorities in particular, will never indicate a law according to which minorities can claim independence. Rather, the goal in this identification is to enjoy, without discrimination, the political and judicial rights that the majority of society enjoys. The result of the research shows that c. ا. Iran has recognized the rights of religious minorities, and equated them with the majority of society in determining its own destiny. The difference between Iranian law and international law is the lack of recognition of all religious groups; That is, they become compatible with international instruments that seek to identify all sects and ideological groups as religious minorities.

The subject of this article is the study of policy development programs in Iran after the revolution and job dependence in the banking system. Undoubtedly, one of the most important and fundamental pillars of Iran's economy during these four decades has been the banking system, which has left a decisive role throughout the country's economic system. Accordingly, having a healthy banking system is considered one of the most important concerns of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Development programs as a macro policy seek to achieve and implement the policies of the banking system. The main question of the research is what is the position of the banking system in the policy-making of post-revolutionary development plans and how can job dependence in the banking system be explained? The main hypothesis of the article is that each of the economic development programs with a different approach, directly and indirectly took steps to implement banking policies. Although attention to job dependency in the organization is a key element in the performance of any organization, it is not explicitly mentioned in post-revolutionary economic development programs.

Today, terrorism has emerged as one of the most important threatening issues at the international level and has faced many countries with security challenges. On the other hand, the protection of the fundamental values ​​of society, in the form of the doctrine of national security, has become an indisputable necessity. Accordingly, the present study raises the question: What are the mechanisms for combating terrorist crimes in Iranian law, which are aimed at protecting national security? The legal approaches to counter-terrorism in Iran, although not explicitly stated in the context of terrorism, indicate a defensive approach. Separation of instances of national security violations into moharebeh, fornication and corruption on earth are seen in Iranian law, but are not classified as terrorist offenses. However, it is necessary to formulate and implement examples of terrorism in domestic law and legal mechanisms to combat it. In the fight against terrorism at home, some legal conditions are influenced by political, ideological and security considerations. The method of the present study is descriptive-analytical based on documentary sources.

The present study seeks to investigate the components of the favorable media of the Islamic Revolution. Hence, the principle of neutrality has been considered as an important variable in the formation of the favorable media of the Islamic Revolution. In this regard, the present study was conducted among the statistical population including media activists and educated people in media-related fields and using the cluster sampling method by distributing a researcher-made questionnaire among 370 media professionals in the country. Has been. SPSS software was used to describe and analyze the data. The questionnaire of this research has been made by a researcher and the questions are mainly designed in the form of Likert scale. The alpha value for all variables is higher than 70%, so it can be claimed that the main components and branches have the necessary reliability. The results of the research show that the media in Iran emphasize the observance of neutrality in media management and the formation of the desired media of the Islamic Revolution, and consider neutrality as one of the basic principles of news work, even with the loss of working conditions. They agree to observe neutrality. Although the participants in this study believe that news orientation reduces the number of media audiences, they also acknowledge that media neutrality is the basis for gaining the audience's trust

According to the three patterns of the relationship between religion and government in Shiite political thought, what is the model of the traditional Islam of Seyyed Hussein Nasr and the social and civilizational Islam of Fethullah Gulen? The hypothesis that is tested and tested in response to the main question is that: The relationship between religion and government in Islam Nasr is based on the relationship of integration and unity and the relationship between religion and government in social Islam and civilization Fethullah Gulen is based on the pattern of interaction Be. Findings show that the traditional Islam of Seyyed Hossein Nasr is elements and characteristics such as: wisdom of Khaleda, intuition, divine revelation, esoteric and transcendent unity, holy inspirations and Sharia. In contrast, Fethullah Gulen's social and civilizational Islam has elements such as: liberalism, democracy, religion and sharia, justice, trust, independence and freedom, development-belief, scientism, interaction, tolerance, defense policy, nationalism, the right to choose , Individualism, civilization, secularism and secularism. The similarity between traditional Nasr Islam and Fethullah Gulen's social and civilizational Islam is in their emphasis on Islam, but as a distinction it should be said that in civilized and social Islam Gulen is re-accepted and in anti-Christian political Islam mostly with the West and It has modernity and modernity, and tradition is basically the model and basis of action. Nasr political Islam is religious and does not accept modernity, but Gulen's social Islam is not secular and not necessarily Islamic, and it is very unlikely to reach political Islam.

Ethics and politics are two fat and long-standing concepts in the field of philosophy and political thought that are under practical wisdom. These two areas of knowledge, unlike theoretical wisdom, focus on the practical and behavioral dimensions of thought and seek to balance and organize man and society. In this article, the relationship between ethics and politics in the thought of Iranshahri and Imam Khomeini has been studied. The present article, with a descriptive and analytical approach and using the method of semantic system, tries to identify the thought and semantic fields of the connection between ethics and politics in the two political ideas. Based on this, the main question of the present article is what are the similarities and differences between the connection between ethics and politics in the thought of Iranshahri and Imam Khomeini? According to the findings of the article, emphasis on the ruler of Farahmand, emphasis on the link between ethics and politics in order to achieve prosperity, unity of religion and politics, elitism and statehood, moral idealism in common and in methodology, instrumental power in According to the originality of power, the nature of the happiness of the hereafter is different from that of secularism, and it is these categories that form the link between morality and politics in these two semantic systems that are close and common to each other and differ in categories.

Compromise is one of the most important concepts and tools for solving the political and social problems of modern societies, so that the fate of development and competition and political and social conflicts of today's nations depends on the correct and timely use of this political method. In this article, an attempt has been made to study the possibility of forming a political compromise in the Islamic Republic of Iran by descriptive-analytical method and by studying the process and fields of formation of the Expediency Council. According to the findings of this study, just as Imam Khomeini's tact and chronology and the formation of the Expediency Discernment Council by him, resolving the differences of some important and vital elements of the system met a favorable fate, it is possible that with the wisdom of system officials, political compromise is needed. The current Islamic Iran is in the civil and political sphere to face a similar fate as the Expediency Council, or as another solution; Within this institution, it should be examined as a problem or cases referred by the system leadership.

The present article examines the concept of freedom and its place in the political thought of Isaiah Berlin, one of the leading thinkers of the twentieth century, and Ayatollah Mohammad Hussein Naeini, a great scholar and mujtahid of the constitutional era. The main question of the present article is: What is the place of the concept of freedom in the political philosophy of Berlin and Nain? In answer to this question, the following hypothesis arises: For both Berlin and Nain, freedom and the removal of barriers to freedom lead to human power to decide and the right to choose at both the individual and collective levels. The results show that despite some substantive differences between the Berlin's intellectual system and methodology (secular thinker and disregard for religion) and Naini (mujtahid and religious), the concept of freedom is so important to both that even to explore other important aspects of this thinking. Two thinkers, we must refer to their understanding of this concept. The type of research method in this article is descriptive-analytical and based on library studies.

The present study investigates the position of ijtihad in the transformation of governance in contemporary Iran. The question that arises is in what ways could ijtihad cause change and transformation in the field of governance in contemporary Iran? The answer that can be provided is the acceptance of a new form of government based on religious democracy, the need for the formation of government by jurists, the political approach to the issue of governorship, as well as granting special powers to the supreme leader based on government interests and rulings. The role of ijtihad in the transformation of governance in contemporary Iran. In the present study, a descriptive-analytical method has been used which has collected materials from related books and articles. Based on the findings of the present study, ijtihad in the role of the basis of contemporary political developments from the perspective of Shiite political jurisprudence has provided new opportunities for accepting a new form of government in the form of the Islamic Republic. Accepting the right to vote for women, the rule of law, elections, granting special powers to the Supreme Leader to love complex and immediate crises and using the principle of expediency, including the characteristics of ijtihad in changing the approach to governance in Shiite jurisprudence and Iranian Society And specifically the view of Imam Khomeini.